Efektivitas Media Augmented Reality Berbasis Microsite terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Penguasaan Konsep Siswa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67686/didaktika.v10i2.2204Abstract
The advancement of information technology has driven innovation in learning, particularly for abstract topics such as Earth structure. Earth structure material is provided using 3-dimensional augmented reality (AR) media to display objects to make them more real and interesting. AR media has experienced developments, one of which is by integrating websites so that students can access the material at any time and discuss it in class. However, conventional teaching methods by using power point still dominate and often fail to effectively visualize concepts, resulting in low critical thinking skills and concept mastery among students. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of an augmented reality (AR) Microsite-based learning media in improving these skills. The research employed a research and development method using the ADDIE model. The subjects were 60 eighth-grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Namang. The results showed a significant improvement between pre-test and post-test scores, with an N-gain value greater than 0.77 (high category). These findings confirm that the integration of Microsite-based AR media is effective in improving critical thinking skills and mastery of concepts, while strengthening visual-interactive learning approaches in science education. This research recommends further development of augmented reality (AR)-based media for other abstract topics.
References
Adilah, G. P., Utaya, S., & Suharto, Y. (2025). Pengaruh Model Resource Based Learning Berbantuan Microsite Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ditinjau Dari Motivasi Belajar Siswa. Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan 8(1), 195–210. https://doi.org/10.37329/cetta.v8i1.3859
Akbar, A., Herman, T., Suryadi, D., Mursalim, Alam, Putra, E. D., & Blegur, J. (2025). Integrating Augmented Reality in Mathematics Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students. Emerging Science Journal, 2. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-02-014
Akour, M., & Alenezi, M. (2022). Higher Education Future In The Era of Digital Transformation. Education Sciences, 12(11), 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12110784
Alfitriani, N., Maula, W. A., & Hadiapurwa, A. (2021). Penggunaan Media Augmented Reality dalam Pembelajaran Mengenal Bentuk Rupa Bumi. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, 38(1), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpp.v38i1.30698
Anggi, Kuswanto, Wilujeng, & Perdana. (2023). Implementation Of Mobile Augmented Reality On Physics Learning In Junior High School Students. Journal of Education and E-Learning Research, 10(2), 132–140. https://doi.org/10.20448/jeelr.v10i2.4474
Angraeni, L., Puspitasari, H., & Sukadi, E. (2021). Pemanfaatan Media Virtual Reality Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Melalui Alat Musik SAMPE Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis. Kappa Journal, 5(1), 40–48. https://doi.org/10.29408/kpj.v5i1.3339
Bachtiar, Darsikin, & Laratu, W. N. (2024). Development Of Augmented Reality (AR) Based Learning Media On Momentum Material For XI Grade At Sman 7 Palu. JPFT (Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Tadulako Online), 12(8), 141–147. https://doi.org/10.22487/jpft.v12i2.3592
Bariroh, W., Muzakki, M. A., & Hendi, A. (2024). Augmented Reality Technology as a Learning Media for Geography of the Earth's Layer Structure. Journal of Computer Science and Visual Communication Design, 9(2), 545-559. https://doi.org/10.55732/jikdiskomvis.v9i2.1458
Cabello, V. M. (2022). Students Understanding of Earthquakes and Tsunami in High Risk Areas. Frontiers in Earth Science, 10(April), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.841251
Chang, H. Y., Binali, T., Liang, J. C., Chiou, G. L., Cheng, K. H., Lee, S. W. Y., & Tsai, C. C. (2022). Ten years of augmented reality in education: A meta-analysis of (quasi-) experimental studies to investigate the impact. Computers and Education. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104641
Daryanes, F., Darmadi, D., Fikri, K., Sayuti, I., Rusandi, M. A., & Situmorang, D. D. B. (2023). The Development Of Articulate Storyline Interactive Learning Media Based On Case Methods To Train Student’s Problem-Solving Ability. Heliyon, 9(4), e15082. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15082
Dehant, V., Campuzano, S. A., & Santis, A. De. (2022). Structure , Materials and Processes in the Earth ’ s Core and Mantle. In Surveys in Geophysics. 43(1), Springer Netherlands.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-021-09684-y
Demircioglu, T., Karakus, M., & Ucar, S. (2023). Developing Students’ Critical Thinking Skills and Argumentation Abilities Through Augmented Reality–Based Argumentation Activities in Science Classes. Science and Education. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-022-00369-5
Faridi, H., Tuli, N., Mantri, A., Singh, G., & Gargrish, S. (2021). A Framework Utilizing Augmented Reality To Improve Critical Thinking Ability And Learning Gain Of The Students In Physics. Computer Applications in Engineering Education. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.22342
Faridi, H., Tuli, N., Mantri, A., Singh, G., & Gargrish, S. (2021). A Framework Utilizing Augmented Reality To Improve Critical Thinking Ability And Learning Gain Of The Students In Physics. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 29(1), 258-273. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.22342
Fatih, M., Alfi, C., & Muqtafa, M. A. (2024). Science Learning Game (SLG) Based on Augmented Reality Enhances Science Literacy and Critical Thinking Students Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(2), 973–981. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i2.6107
Gervasi, O., Member, S., Perri, D., & Simonetti, M. (2023). Empowering Knowledge With Virtual and Augmented Reality. IEEE Access, 11(November), 144649–144662. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3342116
Helaluddin, Nurhayati, Lulu, N., Ismail, G., Guntur, M., & Fransori, A. (2022). The Use of Collaborative Strategies to Improve Students’ Writing Ability and Self-Efficacy: A Mixed Method Study. European Journal of Educational Research, 12(1), 265–280. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.12.1.265
Hildayanti, J., & Qurtubi, G. I. (2025). Thermodynamics-Augmented Reality as a Visual Learning Media to Improve Student Creativity. AMPLITUDO: Journal of Science & Technology Innovation. 4(1), 10–13. https://doi.org/10.56566/amplitudo.v4i1.248
Huang, Z., Sindakis, S., Aggarwal, S., & Thomas, L. (2022). The Role Of Leadership In Collective Creativity And Innovation: Examining Academic Research And Development Environments. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(December), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1060412
Ibrahim, D., Lamangantjo, C. J., Ibrahim, M., Latjompoh, M., Baderan, D. W. K., & Mardin, H. (2025). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Microsite Materi Perubahan Dan Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup (Penelitian di SMA Negeri 1 Paguyaman):(Development of Microsite-Based Learning Media Materials Change And Preservation of The Environment (Research In SMA Negeri 1 Paguyaman)). BIODIK, 11(1), 127-136. https://doi.org/10.22437/biodik.v11i1.41071
Kassiavera, S., Suparmi, A., & Cari, C. (2024). Application Of Rasch Model In Two-Tier Test For Assessing Critical Thinking In Physics Education. Journal of Baltic Science Education. 1227–1242. https://doi.org/10.33225/jbse/24.23.1227
Lai, J. W. (2022). Educational Opportunities and Challenges in Augmented Reality : Featuring Implementations in Physics Education. IEEE Access, 10, 43143–43158. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3166478
Li, G., Luo, H., Chen, D., Wang, P., Yin, X., & Zhang, J. (2025). Augmented Reality in Higher Education : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Literature from 2000 to 2023. Education Sciences, 15, 678. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15060678
Li, G., Luo, H., Chen, D., Wang, P., Yin, X., & Zhang, J. (2025). Augmented Reality In Higher Education: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of The Literature From 2000 to 2023. Education Sciences, 15(6), 678. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15060678
Lu, L., & Meredith. (2022). Instructional design for effective teaching : The Application Of Addie Model In A College Reading Lesson. NOSS Practitioner to Practitioner, Spring, 4–12. https://share.google/N1pk7ywQZI9z11QNV
Markos Siahaan, S., Astra Patriot, E., Scristia, S., Helen, H., Kalsum, U., & Elsa Putri, R. (2023). The Validity and Practicality of Augmented Reality-Based Media Development on Science Matter. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 24(4), 717–729. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpmipa/v24i4.pp717-729
Merma-molina, G., Gavil, D., & Baena-morales, S. (2022). Critical Thinking and Effective Personality in the Framework of Education for Sustainable Development. Education Sciences. 12(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12010028
Mustaqimah, N., Dama, L., Usman, N. F., Akbar, M. N., & Nurrijal, N. (2023). Pengembangan Media Flashcard Dengan Panduan Belajar Sambil Bermain Menggunakan Microsite Untuk Pembelajaran Biologi Materi Klasifikasi Makhluk Hidup. Khazanah Pendidikan, 17(1), 376. https://doi.org/10.30595/jkp.v17i1.17159
Napitupulu, Y. T. H., Siahaan, S. M., & Akhsan, H. (2024). Initial Study of Students’ Critical Thinking Ability Level and Concept Mastery on Earth Structure Material. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(8), 5943–5952. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i8.7684
Nasir, M., & Cari, C. (2022). The Effect of STEM-based Guided Inquiry On Light Concept Understanding And Scientific Explanation. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 18(11). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/12499
Nuryana, Z., Lu, S., Ni, X., Xu, W., & Wibawa, A. P. (2025). The Impact Of Augmented And Virtual Reality On Sustainable Education: A Bibliometric Analysis. Next Research, 2(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100999
Pertiwi, Nanda Putri, Saputro, S., Yamtinah, S., & Kamari, A. (2024). Enhancing Critical Thinking Skills Through Stem Problem-Based Contextual Learning : An Integrated E-Module Education Website With Virtual Experiments. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 739–766. https://doi.org/10.33225/jbse/24.23.739
Puspita Sari, M. I., Widowati, A., Wilujeng, I., Az-Zahro, S. F., & Ramadhanti, D. (2022). Effectiveness of SETS-Based Electronic Student Worksheet (E-LKPD) to Improve Student Learning Outcomes. Jurnal Pendidikan Sains (JPS), 10(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.26714/jps.10.1.2022.9-14
Raj, T., Chauhan, P., Mehrotra, R., & Sharma, M. (2022). Importance of Critical Thinking in the Education. World Journal of English Language, 12(3), 126–133. https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v12n3p126
Saputra, I. G. P. E. (2020). Penguasaan Konsep Fisika Siswa Menggunakan Pendekatan Konflik Kognitif Pada Materi Gerak Lurus di SMK Negeri 2 Watubangga. JPFT (Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Tadulako Online), 8(3), 87–92. https://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=RVvjoDgAAAAJ&citation_for_view=RVvjoDgAAAAJ:3fE2CSJIrl8C
Siahaan Markos Sardianto, M. A. (2024). Development of Digital Flashcards Assisted by Augmented Reality on Doppler Effect and Polarization Material. International Journal of Artificial Intelegence Research Vol. 8, No. 1.1, 8(1). https://www.ijair.id/index.php/ijair/article/view/1167/pdf
Siahaan, S. M., & Putri, R. E. (2024). The Augmented Reality Based Flashcards for Learning Heat and Thermodynamics in High School. Jurnal Penelitian & Pengembangan Pendidikan Fisika, 10(1), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.21009/1.10109
Suharti, P., Asyari, A., & Wikanta, W. (2024). Augmented Reality Integrated Education Game Using Problem-Based Learning Model To Improve Critical Thinking Skills. Research and Development in Education, 4(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22219/raden.v4i1.32026
Syskowski, S., Wilfinger, S., & Huwer, J. (2024). Impact and Classification of Augmented Reality in Science Experiments in Teaching—A Review. Education Sciences, 14(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070760
Toomey, H., Susan, Z., Lillyanna, M. L., Yu, F., & Chiu, C. (2023). Mobile Augmented Reality Supporting Families’ Immersive Collaborative Learning : Learning on the Move for Place Based Geoscience Sense Making. In International Journal of Computer Supported Collaborative Learning. Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11412-023-09399-9
Vidak, A., Movre Šapić, I., & Mešić, V. (2022). Augmented Reality In Teaching About Physics: First Findings From A Systematic Review. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2415/1/012008
Yanuarti, N., Endrawati, N., & Hartono, Y. (2024). Implementasi Media Augmented Reality Pada Materi Tata Surya Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Kognitif Siswa Kelas VI. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 09(2), 1-3. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v9i2.15069
Zhang, Y., Feijoo-garcia, M. A., Gu, Y., Popescu, V., Benes, B., & Magana, A. J. (2024). Virtual and Augmented Reality in Science , Technology , Engineering , and Mathematics (STEM) Education : An Umbrella Review. Information, 15, 515. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/info15090515
Zulfiqar, F., Raza, R., Khan, M. O., Arif, M., Alvi, A., & Alam, T. (2023). Augmented Reality and Its Applications in Education : A Systematic Survey. IEEE Access, 11(November), 143250–143271. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3331218
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Yendri Tri Hartati Napitupulu
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
