Analisis Kemampuan Numerasi Siswa Sekolah Dasar Fase C dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Kontekstual

Abstract

Education plays a crucial role in developing the character and competencies of the younger generation. One of the essential competencies that students need to master is numeracy, which refers to the ability to understand and apply mathematical concepts in everyday situations. However, numeracy skills among students in Indonesia remain relatively low. Data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) indicate that approximately 71% of Indonesian students have not reached the minimum level of mathematical competency. This study aims to (1) describe the level of numeracy skills among elementary school students in Phase C, (2) identify factors influencing low numeracy skills, and (3) explore strategies implemented by schools to improve students’ numeracy abilities. This study employed a qualitative descriptive method. The participants consisted of fifth-grade students and teachers from three elementary schools. Data were collected through tests, interviews, questionnaires, and observations, and analyzed using triangulation techniques. The findings reveal that students’ numeracy skills are still relatively low, with only 16% of students achieving scores above the minimum standard. The results also show that both internal factors (motivation, interest, and learning resilience) and external factors (family support and school learning environment) influence students’ numeracy abilities. Schools have attempted to improve numeracy skills through the use of learning media and appropriate instructional models; however, limitations in learning modules and teaching resources remain a challenge.