STEAMS-Driven Green Innovation to Strengthen Critical Thinking in Elementary Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.67686/didaktika.v10i2.2185Abstrak
Kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar masih tergolong rendah, khususnya pada aspek inference, explanation, dan self-regulation dalam konteks pembelajaran abad ke-21 berbasis keberlanjutan. Kondisi ini ditemukan dalam laporan pendidikan SD Muhammadiyah Manyar tahun 2025. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir
kritis siswa melalui pengintegrasian STEAMS, design thinking, dan deep learning dalam proyek inovasi hijau aqua farming. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimen dengan rancangan one-group pretest–posttest yang melibatkan tujuh puluh sembilan siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar. Proses pembelajaran dilaksanakan berdasarkan tahapan design thinking, yaitu empathize, define, ideate, prototype, test, dan reflection, dengan menggabungkan kegiatan pemecahan masalah lingkungan. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes kemampuan berpikir kritis sebelum dan sesudah intervensi pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan pada kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sebelum dan sesudah intervensi pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan, dengan rata-rata skor meningkat dari 66,72 menjadi 88,64. Nilai N-Gain sebesar 0,63 menunjukkan tingkat efektivitas pembelajaran pada kategori sedang. Analisis effect size menunjukkan pengaruh yang besar (Cohen’s d = 2,51), yang menandakan bahwa intervensi pembelajaran memiliki dampak praktis yang kuat terhadap perkembangan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa. Peningkatan terjadi pada seluruh indikator berpikir kritis, terutama pada aspek inference dan self-regulation yang menunjukkan perkembangan paling menonjol. Dengan demikian, pembelajaran berbasis STEAMS yang terintegrasi dengan proses pemecahan masalah terstruktur terbukti efektif dalam memperkuat kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi pendekatan STEAMS, design thinking, pembelajaran mendalam, dan pemanfaatan teknologi digital dalam proyek lingkungan berbasis keberlanjutan.
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